Control Structures

Control structures are the building blocks that determine the flow of program execution.

If Statements

Decision making in programming:

if age >= 18:
    print("You are an adult")
elif age >= 13:
    print("You are a teenager")
else:
    print("You are a child")

Loops

For Loops

Used for iterating a specific number of times:

for i in range(5):
    print(i)  # Prints 0 to 4

While Loops

Continues until a condition is false:

count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

Switch/Case Statements

Making multiple choices:

switch(day) {
    case "Monday":
        console.log("Start of week");
        break;
    case "Friday":
        console.log("Weekend coming!");
        break;
    default:
        console.log("Regular day");
}

Best Practices

1. Keep conditions simple
2. Avoid deep nesting
3. Use meaningful variable names
4. Consider all possible cases
5. Add proper documentation